*all information is derived from The Jockey Club, Section III with slight alterations
AGE OF A HORSE
Age of the Thoroughbred - For the purpose of determining age, the date of birth for all Thoroughbreds at Final Furlong is deemed to be the January of the year of foaling.
Foal - A young horse of either sex in its first year of life that is still nursing.
Weanling - A foal of any sex in its first year of life after being separated from its dam -
typically around in-game May-JuneYearling - A colt, filly, or gelding in its second calendar year of life (beginning January Week 1 following its birth)
Two-Year Old - A colt, filly, or gelding in its third calendar year of life (beginning January Week 1 following its yearling year)
BREEDING TERMINOLOGY
Bred (Mated) - Any filly or mare that has undergone the physical act of breeding (mating)
Bred (Area foaled) - The term "bred" is sometimes used to describe the location where a foal was born, i.e., Kentucky bred, New York bred, etc.
Breeding (Mating) - The physical act of a stallion breeding (mating) with a broodmare.
Breeder - The breeder of a foal is the owner of the dam at the time of foaling, unless the dam was under a lease or foal-sharing agreement at the time of foaling. In that case, the person(s) specified by the terms of agreement is (are) the breeder(s) of the foal.
Stallion - A male horse that is used to produce foals.
Broodmare - A filly or mare that has been bred (mated) and is used to produce foals.
Dam - A female horse that has produced, or is producing, foals.
Maiden - A filly or mare that has never been bred (mated).
In Foal (Pregnant) Broodmare - A filly or mare that was bred (mated), conceived and is currently in foal (pregnant).
Aborted - A broodmare that has been pronounced in foal, but lost her foal prematurely.
Barren (Not Pregnant) - A filly or mare, other than a maiden mare, that was bred and did not conceive during the last breeding season.
GENDER OF A HORSE
Colt - An entire male horse 4 years old or younger
Horse - When reference is made to gender, a "horse" is an entire male 5 years or older
Gelding - A male horse of any age that has been castrated.
Filly - A female horse 4 years old or younger
Mare - A female horse 5 years or older